(原创)Tutorial for Latex

dummy

行内行间应用方式
常用希腊字母
常用求和符号和积分号
其他常用符号
运算符
声调
根号
上标下标
空白类型列举
公式锚点
矩阵
- 简单的矩阵
- 带括号的矩阵
排版
字体
括号
颜色
特殊例子

0.1 行内行间应用方式

$ equation $  (正文)
$$ eqauation $$ (单独)

0.2 常用希腊字母

\alpha	$\alpha$	\varTheta	$\varTheta$
\beta	$\beta$	\varGamma	$\varGamma$
\gamma	$\gamma$	\Gamma	$\Gamma$
\theta	$\theta$	\Theta	$\Theta$
\delta	$\delta$	\Delta	$\Delta$
\epsilon	$\epsilon$	\varDelta	$\varDelta$
\zeta	$\zeta$	\varLambda	$\varLambda$
\eta	$\eta$
\iota	$\iota$
\kappa	$\kappa$	\varLambda	$\varLambda$
\lambda	$\lambda$	\Lambda	$\Lambda$
\mu	$\mu$	\varOmega	$\varOmega$
\nu	$\nu$	\varPi	$\varPi$
\pi	$\pi$	\Pi	$\Pi$
\rho	$\rho$	\varSigma	$\varSigma$
\sigma	$\sigma$	\Sigma	$\Sigma$
\tau	$\tau$	\varPhi	$\varPhi$
\phi	$\phi$	\Phi	$\Phi$
\omega	$\omega$	\Omega	$\Omega$
\tau	$\tau$	\Tau	$\Tau$
\chi	$\chi$
\upsilon	$\upsilon$
\iota	$\iota$

0.3 常用求和符号和积分号

\sum	$\sum$
\int	$\int$
\sum_{i=1}^{N}	$\sum_{i=1}^{N}$
\int_{a}^{b}	$\int_{a}^{b}$
\prod	$\prod$
\iint	$\iint$
\prod_{i=1}^{N}	$\prod_{i=1}^{N}$
\iint_{a}^{b}	$\iint_{a}^{b}$
\bigcup	$\bigcup$
\bigcap	$\bigcap$
\bigcup_{i=1}^{N}	$\bigcup_{i=1}^{N}$
\bigcap_{i=1}^{N}	$\bigcap_{i=1}^{N}$

0.4 其他常用符号

\sqrt[3]{2}	$\sqrt[3]{2}$
\sqrt{2}	$\sqrt{2}$
\sqrt{a}	$\sqrt{a}$
\vec{a}	$\vec{a}$
\tilde{a}	$\tilde{a}$
\sqrt[3]{2}	$\sqrt[3]{2}$
x_{3}	$x_{3}$
\lim_{x \to 0}	$\lim_{x \to 0}$
\frac{1}{2}	$\frac{1}{2}$
\infty	$\infty$
\cdotp	$\cdotp$
\cdots	$\cdots$
\vdots	$\vdots$
\ddots	$\ddots$
\bot	$\bot$
\partial	$\partial$
\hat{a}	$\hat{a}$
\dot{a}	$\dot{a}$
\bar{a}	$\bar{a}$
a^{3}	$a^{3}$
\frac{1}{a}	$\frac{1}{a}$

0.5 运算符

语法	效果	语法	效果
\pm	$\pm$	\propto	$\propto$
\times	$\times$	\leq	$\leq$
\circ	$\circ$	\subseteq	$\subseteq$
\cdot	$\cdot$	\subset	$\subset$
\cap	$\cap$	\cup	$\cup$
\supset	$\supset$	\bullet	$\bullet$
\supseteq	$\supseteq$	\div	$\div$
\geq	$\geq$	\mp	$\mp$
\in	$\in$

0.6 声调

语法	效果	语法	效果	语法	效果
\bar{x}	$\bar{x}$	\acute{\eta}	$\acute{\eta}$	\check{\alpha}	$\check{\alpha}$
\grave{\eta}	$\grave{\eta}$	\breve{a}	$\breve{a}$	\ddot{y}	$\ddot{y}$
\dot{x}	$\dot{x}$	\hat{\alpha}	$\hat{\alpha}$	\tilde{\iota}	$\tilde{\iota}$

0.7 根号

语法	效果	语法	效果
\sqrt{3}	$\sqrt{3}$	\sqrt[n]{3}	$\sqrt[n]{3}$

0.8 上标下标

功能	语法	效果
上标	a^2	$a^2$
下标	a_2	$a_2$
组合	a^{2+2}	$a^{2+2}$
组合	a_{i,j}	$a_{i,j}$
结合	x_2^3	$x_2^3$
前置	{}_1^2!X_3^4	${}_1^2\!X_3^4$
向量	\vec{c}	$\vec{c}$
向量	\overleftarrow{a b}	$\overleftarrow{a b}$
向量	\overrightarrow{c d}	$\overrightarrow{c d}$
导数	x'	$x'$
导数	x^\prime	$x^\prime$
导数	\dot{x}	$\dot{x}$
导数	\ddot{y}	$\ddot{y}$
上划线	\overline{h i j}	$\overline{h i j}$
下划线	\underline{k l m}	$\underline{k l m}$
上面	\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}	$\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}$
下面	\underset{P}{\Longrightarrow}	$\underset{P}{\Longrightarrow}$

默认行内公式 $\sum_{k=1}^n{x_k}$ 上下标: $\sum_{k=1}^n{x_k}$
默认行间公式$$\sum_{k=1}^n{x_k}$$上下标: \[\sum_{k=1}^n{x_k}\]
强制行内公式 $\sum\limits_{k=1}^n{x_k}$ 上下标: $\sum\limits_{k=1}^n{x_k}$
强制行间公式$$\sum\nolimits_{k=1}^n{x_k}$$上下标: \[\sum\nolimits_{k=1}^n{x_k}\]

0.9 空白类型列举

功能	语法	效果	描述
两个空格	a \qquad b	$a \qquad b$	两个m的宽度
一个空格	a \quad b	$a \quad b$	一个m的宽度
大空格	a\ b	$a\ b$	1/3m宽度
中等空格	a\;b	$a\;b$	2/7m宽度
小空格	a,b	$a,b$	1/6m宽度
没有空格	ab	$ab$	正常宽度
紧贴	a!b	$a!b$	缩进1/6m宽度

0.10 公式锚点

$\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}\,\mathrm{d}x=1\label{a}\tag{1}$

这里引用$\ref{a}$

$\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}\,\mathrm{d}x=1\label{a}\tag{1}$ 这里引用$\ref{a}$

0.11 矩阵

0.11.1 简单的矩阵

$$
\begin{matrix}
    1 & 2 & 3 \\
    4 & 5 & 6 \\
    7 & 8 & 9
\end{matrix}  \tag{3}
$$

\[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \tag{3} \]

0.11.2 带括号的矩阵

$$
\left \{
    \begin{matrix}
        1 & 2 & 3 \\
        4 & 5 & 6 \\
        7 & 8 & 9
    \end{matrix}
\right \} \tag{4}
$$

\[ \left \{ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \right \} \tag{4} \]

$$
\left [
    \begin{matrix}
        1 & 2 & 3 \\
        4 & 5 & 6 \\
        7 & 8 & 9
    \end{matrix}
\right ] \tag{5}
$$

\[ \left[ \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{matrix} \right] \tag{5} \]

$$
\begin{bmatrix}
    1 & 2 & 3 \\
    4 & 5 & 6 \\
    7 & 8 & 9
\end{bmatrix} \tag{6}
$$

\[ \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{bmatrix} \tag{6} \]

$$
\begin{Bmatrix}
    1 & 2 & 3 \\
    4 & 5 & 6 \\
    7 & 8 & 9
\end{Bmatrix} \tag{7}
$$

\[ \begin{Bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{Bmatrix} \tag{7} \]

$$
\begin{vmatrix}
    1 & 2 & 3 \\
    4 & 5 & 6 \\
    7 & 8 & 9
\end{vmatrix} \tag{8}
$$

\[ \begin{vmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{vmatrix} \tag{8} \]

$$
\begin{Vmatrix}
    1 & 2 & 3 \\
    4 & 5 & 6 \\
    7 & 8 & 9
\end{Vmatrix} \tag{9}
$$

\[ \begin{Vmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{Vmatrix} \tag{9} \]

0.12 排版

0.12.1 多行方程组对齐

$$ 
\begin{cases} 
    a_{11}x_1&+&a_{12}x_2&+&\cdots&+a_{1n}x_n&=&b_1\\
    &&&&\vdots\\
    a_{n1}x_1&+&a_{n2}x_2&+&\cdots&+a_{nn}x_n&=&b_n&
\end{cases}
$$

\[ \begin{cases} a_{11}x_1&+&a_{12}x_2&+&\cdots&+a_{1n}x_n&=&b_1\\ &&&&\vdots\\ a_{n1}x_1&+&a_{n2}x_2&+&\cdots&+a_{nn}x_n&=&b_n& \end{cases} \]

$$ 
\begin{align*} 
　　&a_1 x + b_1 y + c_1 z = d_1\tag{$3.11$}  \\ 
　　&aa_2 x + b_2 y + c_2 z = d_2\tag{$3.12$}  \\
　　&aaa_3 x + b_3 y + c_3 z = d_3\tag{$3.13$}
\end{align*}
$$

\[ \begin{align*} 　　&a_1 x + b_1 y + c_1 z = d_1\tag{$3.11$} \\ 　　&aa_2 x + b_2 y + c_2 z = d_2\tag{$3.12$} \\ 　　&aaa_3 x + b_3 y + c_3 z = d_3\tag{$3.13$} \end{align*} \]

0.12.2 多行公式等号对齐

eqnarray(built-in) is similar to align(amsmath package) below

$$
\begin{eqnarray}
    f(x,y) &=& 2xy+(x-y)^2\\
           &=& x^2+y^2
\end{eqnarray}
$$

\[ \begin{eqnarray} f(x,y) &=& 2xy+(x-y)^2\\ &=& x^2+y^2 \end{eqnarray} \]

$$
\begin{align*}
    f(x,y) &= 2xy+(x-y)^2 \\
           &= x^2+y^2
\end{align*}
$$

\[ \begin{align*} f(x,y) &= 2xy+(x-y)^2 \\ &= x^2+y^2 \end{align*} \]

指定第几列对齐

$$
\begin{alignat}{2} 
    \sigma_1 &= x + y &\qquad \sigma_2 &= \frac{x}{y} \\
    \sigma_1' &= \frac{\partial x + y}{\partial x} & \sigma_2' &= \frac{\partial \frac{x}{y}}{\partial x}
\end{alignat}
$$

\[ \begin{alignat}{2} \sigma_1 &= x + y &\quad \sigma_2 &= \frac{x}{y} \\ \sigma_1' &= \frac{\partial x + y}{\partial x} & \sigma_2' &= \frac{\partial \frac{x}{y}}{\partial x} \end{alignat} \]

0.12.3 大括号右多行赋值

$$
\left\{\begin{array}{cc} 
        1, & x=f(Pa_{x})\\ 
        0, & other\ values 
\end{array}\right.
$$

\[ \left\{\begin{array}{cc} 1, & x=f(Pa_{x})\\ 0, & other\ values \end{array}\right. \]

$$
P(x|Pa_x)=\begin{cases} 
        1, & x=f(Pa_{x})\\ 
        0, & other\ values 
\end{cases}
$$

\[ P(x|Pa_x)=\begin{cases} 1, & x=f(Pa_{x})\\ 0, & other\ values \end{cases} \]

$$
\begin{equation}
    \left.\begin{aligned}
            B'&=-\partial \times E,\\
            E'&=\partial \times B - 4\pi j,
           \end{aligned}
    \right\}
    \qquad \text{Maxwell's equations}
\end{equation}
$$

\[ \begin{equation} \left.\begin{aligned} B'&=-\partial \times E,\\ E'&=\partial \times B - 4\pi j, \end{aligned} \right\} \qquad \text{Maxwell's equations} \end{equation} \]

0.13 字体

黑板粗体 $\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$ : $\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}$
正粗体 $\mathbf{012abcABC}$ : $\mathbf{012abcABC}$
罗马体 $\mathrm{012abcABC}$ : $\mathrm{012abcABC}$
斜体数字 $\mathit{0123456789}$ : $\mathit{0123456789}$
手写体 $\mathcal{012abcABC}$ : $\mathcal{012abcABC}$

0.14 括号

\Bigg ( \bigg [ \Big \{ \big \langle \left | \| \frac{a}{b} \| \right | \big\rangle \Big \} \bigg ] \Bigg ):

\[ \Bigg ( \bigg [ \Big \{ \big \langle \left | \| \frac{a}{b} \| \right | \big\rangle \Big \} \bigg ] \Bigg ) \]

0.15 颜色

字体颜色︰ $\color{色调}表达式$
背景颜色︰ $\pagecolor{色调}表达式$

$\color{Apricot}Apricot$	$\color{Aquamarine}Aquamarine$	$\color{Bittersweet}Bittersweet$	$\color{Black}Black$
$\color{Blue}Blue$	$\color{BlueGreen}BlueGreen$	$\color{BlueViolet}BlueViolet$	$\color{BrickRed}BrickRed$
$\color{Brown}Brown$	$\color{BurntOrange}BurntOrange$	$\color{CadetBlue}CadetBlue$	$\color{CarnationPink}CarnationPink$
$\color{Cerulean}Cerulean$	$\color{CornflowerBlue}CornflowerBlue$	$\color{Cyan}Cyan$	$\color{Dandelion}Dandelion$
$\color{DarkOrchid}DarkOrchid$	$\color{Emerald}Emerald$	$\color{ForestGreen}ForestGreen$	$\color{Fuchsia}Fuchsia$
$\color{Goldenrod}Goldenrod$	$\color{Gray}Gray$	$\color{Green}Green$	$\color{GreenYellow}GreenYellow$
$\color{JungleGreen}JungleGreen$	$\color{Lavender}Lavender$	$\color{LimeGreen}LimeGreen$	$\color{Magenta}Magenta$
$\color{Mahogany}Mahogany$	$\color{Maroon}Maroon$	$\color{Melon}Melon$	$\color{MidnightBlue}MidnightBlue$
$\color{Mulberry}Mulberry$	$\color{NavyBlue}NavyBlue$	$\color{OliveGreen}OliveGreen$	$\color{Orange}Orange$
$\color{OrangeRed}OrangeRed$	$\color{Orchid}Orchid$	$\color{Peach}Peach$	$\color{Periwinkle}Periwinkle$
$\color{PineGreen}PineGreen$	$\color{Plum}Plum$	$\color{ProcessBlue}ProcessBlue$	$\color{Purple}Purple$
$\color{RawSienna}RawSienna$	$\color{Red}Red$	$\color{RedOrange}RedOrange$	$\color{RedViolet}RedViolet$
$\color{Rhodamine}Rhodamine$	$\color{RoyalBlue}RoyalBlue$	$\color{RoyalPurple}RoyalPurple$	$\color{RubineRed}RubineRed$
$\color{Salmon}Salmon$	$\color{SeaGreen}SeaGreen$	$\color{Sepia}Sepia$	$\color{SkyBlue}SkyBlue$
$\color{SpringGreen}SpringGreen$	$\color{Tan}Tan$	$\color{TealBlue}TealBlue$	$\color{Thistle}Thistle$
$\color{Turquoise}Turquoise$	$\color{Violet}Violet$	$\color{VioletRed}VioletRed$	$\color{White}White$
$\color{WildStrawberry}WildStrawberry$	$\color{Yellow}Yellow$	$\color{YellowGreen}YellowGreen$	$\color{YellowOrange}YellowOrange$

0.16 特殊例子

0.16.1 分子分母

$$
x_1^*=\dfrac{a_{22}r_1-a_{12}r_2}{a_{11}a_{22}-a_{12}a_{21}}
$$

\[ x_1^*=\dfrac{a_{22}r_1-a_{12}r_2}{a_{11}a_{22}-a_{12}a_{21}} \]

语法	效果	语法	效果	语法	效果
\frac{a}{b}	$\frac{a}{b}$	\dfrac{c}{d}	$\dfrac{c}{d}$	e/f	$e/f$

0.16.2 分布

分布名	语法	效果	例子
二项分布	`\binom{n}{k}`	$\binom{n}{k}$	$f(k) = \binom{n}{k} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}$

0.16.3 在线使用

只能行间

![](http://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?F%28x%29%20%3D%20%5Cint_%7Ba%7D%5E%7Bb%7Df%28x%29dx "latextest")

输出:

\(\color{Apricot}Apricot\)	\(\color{Aquamarine}Aquamarine\)	\(\color{Bittersweet}Bittersweet\)	\(\color{Black}Black\)
\(\color{Blue}Blue\)	\(\color{BlueGreen}BlueGreen\)	\(\color{BlueViolet}BlueViolet\)	\(\color{BrickRed}BrickRed\)
\(\color{Brown}Brown\)	\(\color{BurntOrange}BurntOrange\)	\(\color{CadetBlue}CadetBlue\)	\(\color{CarnationPink}CarnationPink\)
\(\color{Cerulean}Cerulean\)	\(\color{CornflowerBlue}CornflowerBlue\)	\(\color{Cyan}Cyan\)	\(\color{Dandelion}Dandelion\)
\(\color{DarkOrchid}DarkOrchid\)	\(\color{Emerald}Emerald\)	\(\color{ForestGreen}ForestGreen\)	\(\color{Fuchsia}Fuchsia\)
\(\color{Goldenrod}Goldenrod\)	\(\color{Gray}Gray\)	\(\color{Green}Green\)	\(\color{GreenYellow}GreenYellow\)
\(\color{JungleGreen}JungleGreen\)	\(\color{Lavender}Lavender\)	\(\color{LimeGreen}LimeGreen\)	\(\color{Magenta}Magenta\)
\(\color{Mahogany}Mahogany\)	\(\color{Maroon}Maroon\)	\(\color{Melon}Melon\)	\(\color{MidnightBlue}MidnightBlue\)
\(\color{Mulberry}Mulberry\)	\(\color{NavyBlue}NavyBlue\)	\(\color{OliveGreen}OliveGreen\)	\(\color{Orange}Orange\)
\(\color{OrangeRed}OrangeRed\)	\(\color{Orchid}Orchid\)	\(\color{Peach}Peach\)	\(\color{Periwinkle}Periwinkle\)
\(\color{PineGreen}PineGreen\)	\(\color{Plum}Plum\)	\(\color{ProcessBlue}ProcessBlue\)	\(\color{Purple}Purple\)
\(\color{RawSienna}RawSienna\)	\(\color{Red}Red\)	\(\color{RedOrange}RedOrange\)	\(\color{RedViolet}RedViolet\)
\(\color{Rhodamine}Rhodamine\)	\(\color{RoyalBlue}RoyalBlue\)	\(\color{RoyalPurple}RoyalPurple\)	\(\color{RubineRed}RubineRed\)
\(\color{Salmon}Salmon\)	\(\color{SeaGreen}SeaGreen\)	\(\color{Sepia}Sepia\)	\(\color{SkyBlue}SkyBlue\)
\(\color{SpringGreen}SpringGreen\)	\(\color{Tan}Tan\)	\(\color{TealBlue}TealBlue\)	\(\color{Thistle}Thistle\)
\(\color{Turquoise}Turquoise\)	\(\color{Violet}Violet\)	\(\color{VioletRed}VioletRed\)	\(\color{White}White\)
\(\color{WildStrawberry}WildStrawberry\)	\(\color{Yellow}Yellow\)	\(\color{YellowGreen}YellowGreen\)	\(\color{YellowOrange}YellowOrange\)

\alpha	\(\alpha\)	\varTheta	\(\varTheta\)
\beta	\(\beta\)	\varGamma	\(\varGamma\)
\gamma	\(\gamma\)	\Gamma	\(\Gamma\)
\theta	\(\theta\)	\Theta	\(\Theta\)
\delta	\(\delta\)	\Delta	\(\Delta\)
\epsilon	\(\epsilon\)	\varDelta	\(\varDelta\)
\zeta	\(\zeta\)	\varLambda	\(\varLambda\)
\eta	\(\eta\)
\iota	\(\iota\)
\kappa	\(\kappa\)	\varLambda	\(\varLambda\)
\lambda	\(\lambda\)	\Lambda	\(\Lambda\)
\mu	\(\mu\)	\varOmega	\(\varOmega\)
\nu	\(\nu\)	\varPi	\(\varPi\)
\pi	\(\pi\)	\Pi	\(\Pi\)
\rho	\(\rho\)	\varSigma	\(\varSigma\)
\sigma	\(\sigma\)	\Sigma	\(\Sigma\)
\tau	\(\tau\)	\varPhi	\(\varPhi\)
\phi	\(\phi\)	\Phi	\(\Phi\)
\omega	\(\omega\)	\Omega	\(\Omega\)
\tau	\(\tau\)	\Tau	\(\Tau\)
\chi	\(\chi\)
\upsilon	\(\upsilon\)
\iota	\(\iota\)

\sum	\(\sum\)
\int	\(\int\)
\sum_{i=1}^{N}	\(\sum_{i=1}^{N}\)
\int_{a}^{b}	\(\int_{a}^{b}\)
\prod	\(\prod\)
\iint	\(\iint\)
\prod_{i=1}^{N}	\(\prod_{i=1}^{N}\)
\iint_{a}^{b}	\(\iint_{a}^{b}\)
\bigcup	\(\bigcup\)
\bigcap	\(\bigcap\)
\bigcup_{i=1}^{N}	\(\bigcup_{i=1}^{N}\)
\bigcap_{i=1}^{N}	\(\bigcap_{i=1}^{N}\)

\sqrt[3]{2}	\(\sqrt[3]{2}\)
\sqrt{2}	\(\sqrt{2}\)
\sqrt{a}	\(\sqrt{a}\)
\vec{a}	\(\vec{a}\)
\tilde{a}	\(\tilde{a}\)
\sqrt[3]{2}	\(\sqrt[3]{2}\)
x_{3}	\(x_{3}\)
\lim_{x \to 0}	\(\lim_{x \to 0}\)
\frac{1}{2}	\(\frac{1}{2}\)
\infty	\(\infty\)
\cdotp	\(\cdotp\)
\cdots	\(\cdots\)
\vdots	\(\vdots\)
\ddots	\(\ddots\)
\bot	\(\bot\)
\partial	\(\partial\)
\hat{a}	\(\hat{a}\)
\dot{a}	\(\dot{a}\)
\bar{a}	\(\bar{a}\)
a^{3}	\(a^{3}\)
\frac{1}{a}	\(\frac{1}{a}\)

语法	效果	语法	效果
\pm	\(\pm\)	\propto	\(\propto\)
\times	\(\times\)	\leq	\(\leq\)
\circ	\(\circ\)	\subseteq	\(\subseteq\)
\cdot	\(\cdot\)	\subset	\(\subset\)
\cap	\(\cap\)	\cup	\(\cup\)
\supset	\(\supset\)	\bullet	\(\bullet\)
\supseteq	\(\supseteq\)	\div	\(\div\)
\geq	\(\geq\)	\mp	\(\mp\)
\in	\(\in\)

语法	效果	语法	效果	语法	效果
\bar{x}	\(\bar{x}\)	\acute{\eta}	\(\acute{\eta}\)	\check{\alpha}	\(\check{\alpha}\)
\grave{\eta}	\(\grave{\eta}\)	\breve{a}	\(\breve{a}\)	\ddot{y}	\(\ddot{y}\)
\dot{x}	\(\dot{x}\)	\hat{\alpha}	\(\hat{\alpha}\)	\tilde{\iota}	\(\tilde{\iota}\)

功能	语法	效果
上标	a^2	\(a^2\)
下标	a_2	\(a_2\)
组合	a^{2+2}	\(a^{2+2}\)
组合	a_{i,j}	\(a_{i,j}\)
结合	x_2^3	\(x_2^3\)
前置	{}_1^2!X_3^4	\({}_1^2\!X_3^4\)
向量	\vec{c}	\(\vec{c}\)
向量	\overleftarrow{a b}	\(\overleftarrow{a b}\)
向量	\overrightarrow{c d}	\(\overrightarrow{c d}\)
导数	x'	\(x'\)
导数	x^\prime	\(x^\prime\)
导数	\dot{x}	\(\dot{x}\)
导数	\ddot{y}	\(\ddot{y}\)
上划线	\overline{h i j}	\(\overline{h i j}\)
下划线	\underline{k l m}	\(\underline{k l m}\)
上面	\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}	\(\overset{P}{\longrightarrow}\)
下面	\underset{P}{\Longrightarrow}	\(\underset{P}{\Longrightarrow}\)

功能	语法	效果	描述
两个空格	a \qquad b	\(a \qquad b\)	两个m的宽度
一个空格	a \quad b	\(a \quad b\)	一个m的宽度
大空格	a\ b	\(a\ b\)	1/3m宽度
中等空格	a\;b	\(a\;b\)	2/7m宽度
小空格	a,b	\(a,b\)	1/6m宽度
没有空格	ab	\(ab\)	正常宽度
紧贴	a!b	\(a!b\)	缩进1/6m宽度